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原文链接： http://blog.csdn.net/alex_sym/article/details/7409566
su：Swith user? 切换用户，切换到root用户
cat: Concatenate? 串联
uname: Unix name? 系统名称
df: Disk free? 空余硬盘
du: Disk usage 硬盘使用率
chown: Change owner 改变所有者
chgrp: Change group 改变用户组
ps：Process Status? 进程状态
tar：Tape archive 解压文件
chmod: Change mode 改变模式
umount: Unmount 卸载
ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出动态相依
insmod：Install module 安装模块
rmmod：Remove module 删除模块
lsmod：List module 列表模块
alias :Create your own name for a command
bash :GNU Bourne-Again Shell? linux内核?
grep:global regular expression print
httpd :Start Apache
ipcalc :Calculate IP information for a host
ping :Send ICMP ECHO_Request to network hosts
reboot: Restart your computer
sudo:Superuser do
?
/bin = BINaries?
/dev = DEVices?
/etc = ETCetera?
/lib = LIBrary?
/proc = PROCesses?
/sbin = Superuser BINaries?
/tmp = TeMPorary?
/usr = Unix Shared Resources?
/var = VARiable ??
FIFO = First In,First Out?
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader?
IFS = Internal Field Seperators?
LILO = LInux LOader?
MysqL = My最初作者的名字sql = Structured Query Language?
PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor?
PS = Prompt String?
Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"?
Python Monty Python's Flying Circus?
Tcl = Tool Command Language?
Tk = ToolKit?
VT = Video Terminal?
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool?
apache = "a patchy" server?
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool?
ar = archiver?
as = assembler?
bash = Bourne Again SHell?
bc = Basic (Better) Calculator?
bg = BackGround?
cal = CALendar?
cat = CATenate?
cd = Change Directory?
chgrp = CHange GRouP?
chmod = CHange MODe?
chown = CHange OWNer?
chsh = CHange SHell?
cmp = compare?
cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture?
comm = common?
cp = CoPy?
cpio = CoPy In and Out?
cpp = C Pre Processor?
cups = Common Unix Printing System?
cvs = Current Version System?
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor?
dc = Desk Calculator?
dd = Disk Dump?
df = Disk Free?
diff = DIFFerence?
dmesg = diagnostic message?
du = Disk Usage?
ed = editor?
egrep = Extended GREP?
elf = Extensible Linking Format?
elm = ELectronic Mail?
emacs = Editor MACroS?
eval = EVALuate?
ex = EXtended?
exec = EXECute?
fd = file descriptors?
fg = ForeGround?
fgrep = Fixed GREP?
fmt = format?
fsck = File System ChecK?
fstab = FileSystem TABle?
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager?
gawk = GNU AWK?
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard?
groff = GNU troff?
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer?
joe = Joe's Own Editor?
ksh = Korn SHell?
lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder?
lex = LEXical analyser?
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses?
ln = LiNk?
lpr = Line PRint?
ls = list?
lsof = LiSt Open Files?
m4 = Macro processor Version 4?
man = MANual pages?
mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK?
mc = Midnight Commander?
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem?
mknod = MaKe NODe?
motd = Message of The Day?
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa?
mtab = Mount TABle?
mv = MoVe?
nano = Nano's ANOther editor?
nawk = New AWK?
nl = Number of Lines?
nm = names?
nohup = No HangUP?
nroff = New ROFF?
od = Octal Dump?
passwd = PASSWorD?
pg = pager?
pico = PIne's message COmposition editor?
pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"?
ping =? Packet InterNet Grouper?
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability?
popd = POP Directory?
pr = pre?
printf = PRINT Formatted?
ps = Processes Status?
pty = pseudo tty?
pushd = PUSH Directory?
pwd = Print Working Directory?
rc = runcom = run command,shell?
rev = REVerse?
rm = ReMove?
rn = Read News?
roff = RunOFF?
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager?
rsh,rlogin,= Remote?
rxvt = ouR XVT?
sed = Stream EDitor?
seq = SEQuence?
shar = SHell ARchive?
slrn = S-Lang rn?
ssh = Secure SHell?
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer?
stty = Set TTY?
su = Substitute User?
svn = SubVersioN?
tar = Tape ARchive?
tcsh = TENEX C shell?
telnet = TEminaL over Network?
termcap = terminal capability?
terminfo = terminal information?
tr = traslate?
troff = Typesetter new ROFF?
tsort = Topological SORT?
tty = TeleTypewriter?
twm = Tom's Window Manager?
tz = TimeZone?
udev = Userspace DEV?
ulimit = User's LIMIT?
umask = User's MASK?
uniq = UNIQue?
vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient?
vim = Vi IMproved?
wall = write all?
wc = Word Count?
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator?
xargs = eXtended ARGuments?
xdm = X Display Manager?
xlfd = X Logical Font Description?
xmms = X Multimedia System?
xrdb = X Resources DataBase?
xwd = X Window Dump?
yacc = yet another compiler compiler
（编辑：北几岛）
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